The consumption of Malus domestica fruit by Odocoileus virginianus (white-tailed deer) and related Cervidae species is a common occurrence, particularly in regions where orchards or wild apple trees are prevalent. Ripe fruit offers a readily available source of carbohydrates and sugars, especially important during periods of nutritional stress or seasonal food scarcity. Deer are opportunistic feeders, and fruit contributes to their dietary diversity.
The presence of fruit in a deer’s diet carries ecological and economic implications. On one hand, it can support deer populations, contributing to their overall health and reproductive success. Historically, access to abundant food sources, including fruits, has allowed deer populations to thrive. However, this feeding behavior can also lead to conflict with agricultural interests when deer target cultivated apple crops, causing economic damage. Furthermore, increased deer activity near human settlements can elevate the risk of vehicle collisions and landscape damage.
